A Rare Presentation of Acute Abdomen with Perforated GIST of the Small Bowel: Surgical Management and Adjuvant Therapy- Case Report with Literature Review

دراسة حالة نادرة مع مراجعة الأدبيات لمريض بطن حادة نتيجة إنفجار ورم النسيج السدوى الهضمى:العلاج الجراحى والعلاج المساند

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the major mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which progress due to the mutation in TKI and PDGFR-α receptors. It shows asymptomatic conditions however, become malignant due its large size and produce abdominal pain. Several surgical managements have been applied to diagnose patients with GIST, but these increase the risk of tumor recurrent rate. Therefore, adjuvant therapies contribute to preventing this challenge with several side effects and post-operative complications. A 42-year-old male patient from Libya with acute abdomen and GIST in small bowel (Jejunum) was diagnosed with complete excision besides lymph node dissection..Aim: To investigate numerous case reports through literature analysis regarding GIST along with a case presentation of the patient. Method: This research employed a literature-based study design. Previous case reports were screened from various online research platforms, including the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and PubMed. A total of 37 cases were included through the search phrase "Case report on Gastrointestinal stromal tumor” .. Results: The findings revealed patient mean age (56.35) with most of the small intestine GIST (6.42 cm) site of origin, antibodies expression, and maximum mitotic cell counts.. Conclusion: The cases reported a risk of recurrence among GIST patients due to high mitotic counts and tumor size. Future researchers should address immune markers to reduce tumor recurrence among GIST patients. Stakeholders should implement proper treatment procedures with effective diagnostic methods.